A process for making steel from pig iron. A vertical cylindrical steel vessel (converter) is used, lined with a refractory material. Air is blown through the molten iron and carbon is oxidized and thus removed from the iron. Other impurities – silicon, sulfur, and phosphorus – are also oxidized. Irons containing large amounts of phosphorus are treated in a converter lined with a basic material,
Important Barium Compound Barium carbonate: (BaCO₃), molecular weight: 197.34 g/mol , density: 4.286 g/cm3 , melting point: 811 °C . It is a white insoluble salt that occurs naturally as the mineral witherite. Barium carbonate can be readily precipitated by adding an alkali carbonate to a barium salt solution. On heating it decomposes reversibly with the formation of the oxide and carbon dioxide:
1. In strained-ring compounds the angles assumed on the basis of hybridization are often not equal to the angles obtained by joining the atomic centers. In these cases it is sometimes assumed that the bonding orbital is bent or banana-like in shape. Cyclopropane is an example, in which geometric considerations imply a bond angle of